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The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear transcriptional regulator that activates by binding to 1a,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1a,25(OH)2D), known as calcitriol, which forms a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR). Calcitriol signalling regulates various biological functions, including calcium and the metabolism of phosphorous, parathormone production cell proliferation, as well as control of innate and adaptive immunity.
A T > C base modification in the promoter region of VDR variant rs11568820 removes the binding site for transcription factor Cdx2 downstream of exon 1e and leads to the production of a less sized protein with decreased transcriptional activity. The F allele of this variant is observed at a high frequency among Asians and Europeans and at a low frequency in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The results of this study enhance our understanding of how VDR gene polymorphisms modulate the response to supplements in the diet that contain calcium calcitriol. People who carry the TaqI polymorphism, as well as the FF genotype of the FokI polymorphism have greater transcriptional activation of VDR and oldetowntimes.net/how-do-air-bubbles-work are associated with better calcium absorption and bone mineral density as well as a reduction in the risk of fractures [34, 35]. To improve our understanding of the role these genetic variants play in vitamin D supplementation we need to study more using an identical design.